Ciprocin is used in adults for the treatment of urinary tract infections, lower respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, bone and joint infections and Gl infections, caused by susceptible gram-negative and gram-positive aerobic bacteria. It is also used for the treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhoea caused by penicillinase producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Ciprocin contains Ciprofloxacin, which is a synthetic quinolone anti-infective agent. Ciprofloxacin has broad spectrum of activity. It is active against most gram-negative aerobic bacteria including Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ciprofloxacin is also active against gram-positive aerobic bacteria including penicillinase producing, non penicillinase producing, and methicillin resistant staphylococci, although many strains of streptococci are relatively resistant to the drug. The bactericidal action of Ciprofloxacin results from interference with the enzyme DNA gyrase needed for the synthesis of bacterial DNA. Following oral administration, it is rapidly and well absorbed from the Gl tract. It is widely distributed into body tissues and fluids. The half-life is about 3.5 hours. About 30% to 50% of an oral dose of Ciprofloxacin is excreted in the urine within 24 hours as unchanged drug and biologically active metabolites.
General dosage recommendations: The dosage of the Ciprofloxacin is determined by the severity and type of infection, the sensitivity of the causative organism(s) and the age, weight and renal function of the patient.
Adults: The dosage range for adults is 100-750 mg twice daily.
In infections of the lower and upper urinary tract (depending on severity): 250-500 mg twice daily.
In respiratory tract infections: 250-500mg twice daily for both upper and lower respiratory tract infections, depending on the severity. For the treatment of known Streptococcus pneumonia infection, the recommended dosage is 750 mg twice daily.
In gonorrhea: A single dose of 250 or 500 mg.
In the majority other infections: 500-750 mg twice daily should be administered
Cystic fibrosis: in adults with pseudomonal infections of the lower respiratory tract, the normal dose is 750 mg twice daily. As the pharmacokinetics of Ciprofloxacin remain unchanged in patients with cystic fibrosis, the low body weight of these patients would be fallen into consideration when determining dosage.
Impaired renal function: Dosage adjustment is not usually required except in patients with several renal impairment. (serum creatinine x265 micro mol/l or creatinine clearance <20 ml/minute). If adjustment is necessary, this may be achieved by reducing the total daily dose by half, although monitoring of drug serum levels provide the most reliable basis for dose adjustment.
Elderly: Although higher Ciprofloxacin serum levels are found in the elderly, no adjustment of dosage is necessary.
Adeloscents and children: As with other drugs in its class. Ciprofloxacin has been shown to cause arthropathy in weight bearing joints of immature animals. Although the relevance of this to man is unknown, its use in children, growing children and growing adolescents is not recommended. However, where the benefit of using Ciprofloxacin is considered to outweigh the potential risk, the dosage should be 7.5-15 mg/kg/day depending upon the severity of infection, administered in two divided doses.
Duration of treatment: The duration of treatment depends upon the severity of infection, clinical response and bacteriological findings.
For acute infections: The usual treatment period is 5 to 10 days with Ciprofloxacin tablets. Generally treatment should be continued for three days after the signs and symptoms of the infection have disappeared.
Extended-release tablet:
In uncomplicated urinary tract infection (acute cystitis), the recommended dose of extended-release tablet is 1000 mg tablet once daily for three days.
For IV infusion:
Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to Ciprofloxacin or to other quinolones.
Adverse effects include nausea and other gastrointestinal disturbances. headache, dizziness and skin rashes. Crystalluria has occurred with high doses.
It should be used with caution in patients with suspected or known CNS disorders such as arteriosclerosis or epilepsy or other factors which predispose to seizures and convulsion.
Not to be used in pregnancy and nursing stage.
Store below 30°C in dry place. Keep away from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Ciprocin 250 PFS: To prepare 60 ml suspension, small bottle contains Ciprofloxacin powder and large bottle contains the diluents.